Pengaruh Konsentrasi H2SO4 (Asam Sulfat) pada Proses Hidrolisis dan Waktu Fermentasi Terhadap Pemanfaatan Limbah Sagu Menjadi Bioetanol

Abstract

Bioethanol is a renewable alternative energy source that can be used as an alternative fuel. Bioethanol is a fermented product that can be made from substrates that contain carbohydrates (sugar, starch, cellulose). Sago pulp is a very abundant biomass that has not been utilized properly, so far sago pulp has only been used as fertilizer and animal feed. Biomass containing cellulose such as sago pulp can be converted into bioethanol through hydrolysis and fermentation processes. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of sago pulp as a raw material in the manufacture of bioethanol, determine the effect of sulfuric acid concentration on the hydrolysis process and determine the optimum time of bioethanol production by the method of separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The steps taken in this research were pretreatment of sago pulp using NaOH 1M. Acid hydrolysis using H₂SO₄ with variations in concentrations of 1 M, 2 M and 3 M at 100^oC with a reaction time of 3 hours. The fermentation process uses Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a variation of fermentation time of 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days. The results showed the highest sugar content was found in the hydrolysis process of sago pulp with the addition of 2M sulfuric acid concentration which was 134.08 g / L. The highest levels of bioethanol in the SHF process were also obtained at 4 days fermentation for 8% or 63.14 g / L.