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Pembuatan Bioplastik dari Pati Umbi Ganyong Menggunakan Penguat Seng Oksida dan Plastilizer Gliserol dengan Metode Melt Intercalation
Abstract
Plastik memiliki banyak kelebihan sebagai bahan material suatu produk. Namun, plastik dapat memberikan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan karena sifatnya yang susah terdegradasi. Sifat ini membuat penumpukan sampah plastik semakin tinggi. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya alternatif untuk menangani permasalahan tersebut diantaranya dengan memproduksi bioplastik. Pada penelitian ini, bioplastik diproduksi dari pati ganyong dan gliserol dengan penambahan ZnO melalui proses pencampuran pada kecepatan pengadukan 700 rpm dan pemanasan pada temperatur 80 oC selama 60 menit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mempelajari pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan metode melt intercalation serta mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penambahan ZnO dan gliserol terhadap kualitas bioplastik. Variabel bebas penelitian ini berupa komposisi gliserol dan ZnO dimana variasi komposisi yang digunakan meliputi 2g ZnO:20%, 30%, 40% gliserol, 3g ZnO:20%, 30%, 40% gliserol, dan 4g ZnO:20%, 30%, 40% gliserol sedangkan massa pati yang digunakan tetap sebanyak 5 gr. Hasil analisa uji kualitas bioplastik menunjukkan perolehan komposisi bahan yang optimal pada sampel penambahan 3g ZnO dan 20% gliserol dimana nilai kuat tarik yang diperoleh sebesar 7,848 MPa, nilai elongasi sebesar 13,285%, nilai swelling sebesar 31,8182%, dan kemampuan degradasi selama 20 hari.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v21i2.12025
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