KEPUTUSAN AMERIKA SERIKAT RENEGOSIASI SOUTH PACIFIC TUNA TREATY (SPTT)

Ria Alfa Shobrina

Abstract


Tulisan ini menganalisa pengambilan keputusan pemerintah AS untuk renegosiasi South Pacific Tuna Treaty (SPTT) tahun 2016. Pemerintah AS sudah secara resmi menyatakan menarik diri dari SPTT, namun merubah keputusannya dengan bersedia untuk renegosiasi dengan pihak Pasifik Selatan. Padahal sebelumnya AS dan Kepulauan Pasifik terlibat sengketa perjanjian karena tidak sepakat mengenai beberapa ketentuan dalam perjanjian. Belum ada literatur yang membahas tentang renegosiasi SPTT. Namun, telah ada literatur mengenai beberapa renegosiasi perjanjian yang dilakukan oleh AS. Beberapa literatur tersebut membahas mengenai faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan renegosiasi harus dilakukan. Di antaranya karena perjanjian sudah tidak relevan akibat faktor perubahan lingkungan, faktor sosial, faktor ekonomi, dan faktor pemimpin. Belum ada yang membahas renegosiasi berdasarkan alasan dan kepentingan aktor yang terlibat, mengapa mereka melakukan renegosiasi SPTT. ntuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori Two-level game. Temuan tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa SPTT bukan hanya sekedar perjanjian perikanan dengan keuntungan ekonomi, tetapi lebih dari itu, SPTT harus direnegosiasi karena perjanjian tersebut juga mencakup kepentingan konservasi, diplomatik, dan strategis AS di Pasifik Selatan.

Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Tuna, Renegosiasi, Amerika Serikat, Kepulauan Pasifik


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/jsdk.v12i1.3217

DOI (PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)): https://doi.org/10.31315/jsdk.v12i1.3217.g2504

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